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Medications For Anxiety Disorder and Depression Many people find that medications help them manage anxiety. However they're not the only option. Exercise and psychotherapy can be powerful treatments too. Some antidepressants work to treat anxiety as well, such as SSRIs, like citalopram (Celexa) and the escitalopram (Lexapro), the fluoxetine (Prozac) and paroxetine (Paxil) and sertraline (Zoloft). Other medications, like histamine blockers, such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) may also offer relief. Antidepressants Your doctor could prescribe medication to treat depression. Antidepressants, among the most frequently prescribed medications are available in a variety of kinds. The type of antidepressant your provider prescribes will depend on your symptoms, any other medical conditions and treatment goals. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are among the most commonly prescribed antidepressants. They alter the way nerve cells within your brain communicate. The drugs increase the number of neurotransmitters that are present in your brain, which improves your mood and anxiety. Antidepressants can take several weeks to produce results, so be patient and stick to your regimen. Benzodiazepines can also be prescribed by your physician to treat anxiety or depression. They are quick-acting and can be used to alleviate depression and anxiety symptoms in a short time. Benzodiazepines include alprazolam, lorazepam and other. They block the actions of noradrenaline and adrenaline which are hormones that play a role in the fight or flight response. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are an older antidepressant type that can be effective for treating anxiety and depression. They are typically prescribed to patients who have not responded to other antidepressants. They also require dietary changes to prevent hypertensive effects caused by the amino acid tyramine. If you're taking an antidepressant prescription, tell your doctor about any other medications you're taking, including supplements and vitamins. You might need to reduce your dose if you're taking other medications that affect how well antidepressants function or if they trigger side effects. Get help immediately if you are thinking of suicide. You may have different symptoms for anxiety and depression or you could have a comorbidity of anxiety and depression. Patients with comorbid depression as well as anxiety have a poorer medical prognosis than those who suffer from either disorder on their own. Certain psychiatric drugs have been proven to be particularly effective in treating both disorders for people who suffer from comorbid depression and anxiety. Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines can ease anxiety symptoms, like alprazolam, clonazepam, chlordiazepoxide, diazepam and lorazepam. These medications act on the central nervous system's benzodiazepine receptors, which are protein molecules consisting of five transmembrane subunits which create a benzyl-chloride channel in the center. The benzodiazepine-receptors also possess one that binds to the inhibitory neurotransmitter Gamma aminobutryic type A (GABA A). The benzodiazepines function by increasing the concentration of GABA-A, decreasing nerve activity and relaxing muscles. Benzodiazepines are known to have a quick start of action, but they have a high risk of dependence and addiction. Antidepressants, anticonvulsants and antipsychotics and buspirone have a longer duration of action, but are better options for long-term use since they don't cause dependence or tolerance. Depression can be a comorbidity of anxiety disorders, and antidepressants are able to aid in reducing the symptoms of depression associated with underlying anxiety. Many people with depression have a combination both of depressive and anxious symptoms. They'll have to combine medication and talk therapy in order to control their symptoms. In these situations benzodiazepines are utilized for short periods of time to manage depression and anxiety symptoms until other medications take effect. Typically, these drugs are only prescribed for just a few weeks at a time, and are not prescribed daily. When taking benzodiazepines over a long period of time can lead to withdrawal symptoms, like shaking and difficulty sleeping and waking up, so these medications should only be used according to the instructions of your physician. Discuss with your doctor if have ever had issues with dependence, addiction, or mental health. Your doctor can talk to you about the possible side effects, and recommend other medications if needed to treat depression. Benzodiazepines can cause serious and even life-threatening problems in the event that you consume too much or have never used them before. If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, or if you have a history of liver disease or other digestive or respiratory issues or liver disease your doctor may reduce the duration of treatment or prescribe lower doses. Alcohol can interact with benzodiazepines, and could increase the chance of developing side effects and dependence, so it is advised not to drink alcohol while you are taking these medications. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers are a drug that can be used to reduce anxiety symptoms. They are a different type of drug than the benzodiazepines such as Xanax and block receptors that adrenaline binds to. They also reduce the activity of the nervous system and brain. They could be a good alternative to benzodiazepines, which have a higher chance of dependence and addiction. Beta blockers, which reduce blood pressure and slow the heart rate, are often prescribed to treat heart problems. They can also be helpful for treating anxiety. They aren't FDA-approved to treat anxiety disorders. They are typically used “off label” to treat this condition, and are a good alternative if other anti-anxiety drugs do not offer relief or have unacceptable adverse effects. They are especially efficient in cases of performance anxiety and social anxiety, where unpleasant symptoms can arise during events that trigger anxiety. They can be used in conjunction with other treatment modalities like CBT and SSRIs. They are especially effective as an additional therapy for people suffering from GAD which is characterised by frequent and persistent worry that interferes with daily life activities. They can also aid in managing the physical symptoms of anxiety, such as an increased heart rate or sweating. Although panic anxiety disorder -blockers can assist in helping alleviate physical symptoms of anxiety, they do not tackle the psychological issues that contribute to the anxiety. They are best used as a complement to other treatments like SSRIs and benzodiazepines. It is crucial to discuss your medical history and other health concerns with your doctor before taking beta-blockers. These drugs are linked to reduced psychiatric admissions and suicidal behaviors, however the results may differ based on the specific psychiatric diagnosis and previous psychiatric histories. In addition, they are linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular events in certain patients. Certain natural products have the same properties as beta-blockers, but they aren't as efficient. These include antioxidants, garlic saffron, and potassium. These natural ingredients aren't fully understood. Certain of these products could cause serious side-effects, therefore it is best to consult with a physician before taking them. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors MAOIs affect the way your brain works. They inhibit the monoamine oxide enzyme that breaks down chemicals like norepinephrine, serotonin and other chemical compounds that let brain cells to communicate with one another. By blocking monoamine oxide, MAOIs allow more of these chemical messengers to stay in your brain. This improves brain cell communication, and boosts your mood. These medications are also effective in treating anxiety disorders , specifically anxiety disorders like agoraphobia and mixed depression and anxiety states. They are not as effective for pure anxiety, and they may not be helpful in panic attacks. The effectiveness of MAOIs has been linked to their capability to increase serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine levels within the brain. These neurotransmitters are produced naturally by your body, and are then released into the bloodstream, where they are transported to nerve cells and act as messengers between neurons. The first antidepressant developed in the 1950s was Iproniazid, which inhibited monoamine oxidase. This led to the development of additional MAOIs, like tranylcypromine and isocarboxazid. These have long been known to combat depression. MAOIs are usually prescribed after other types of antidepressants, such as tricyclic antidepressants or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, have been tried without success. Because they can cause drug and food interactions and can lead to a severe withdrawal syndrome if stopped suddenly, MAOIs are typically only prescribed to patients who are unable to respond to other treatments. A newer form of MAOI, dubbed a selective and irreversible MAO-A inhibitor, is being studied for use in treating resistant depression. It is not recommended to treatment of bipolar disorder because it could trigger manic symptoms. Selegiline, a brand new MAOI (also called Zelapar or Eldepryl) has been researched for treatment of Parkinson's disease. It blocks monoamine oxidase, but it does not alter other enzymes that break down levodopa, the primary treatment for Parkinson's. These medications may be used as a stand-alone treatment or in conjunction with other antidepressants. MAOIs can trigger hyperreflexia as well as increased neuromuscular excitation in some patients. This may manifest as eyelid twitching or muscle twitching. These reactions are more prevalent when these medications are used together with certain foods such as aged cheeses and preserved meats.